In Their Own Words: Daily Life in Antebellum Rural New York

Health/Sickness/Mortality


Health/Sickness/Mortality Homepage | Letters, Diaries, etc. | Excerpts from the 1839 diary of Samuel Law: health/sickness/mortality


Background: Born in 1771, Samuel Law, Esq., a graduate of Yale University, came to Meredith (Delaware County, NY) in 1798.  He was a land agent for proprietors of the Franklin Patent.  He advertised, sold, and leased land.  In addition, he was a farmer and businessman. He build a large house on Meredith Square in 1806 which was considered one of the finest in the county.  His wife Sally was born in 1776.  He had four sons: William Lyon Law born in 1814, Samuel Andrew Law, born in 1816, Jonathan Albion Law, born in 1819, and Stephen Dodd Law, born in 1821.

Illustration of "Elm Place, late residence of Hon. S. A. Law" from the Map of Delaware County New York by Jay Gould, 1856


Tuesday, Jan 1, 1839.

Of Gods goodness and mercy I am permitted to hail another year; and, in its unfolding scenes may the path of duty be my path.
Have, to day been busy with divers cares-over my papers & writings, in part; part with business Co. –collecting of Wm. Judson; - divided pork with Wright; adjusted A/C with J. Rowe &c.

My health comfortable: how much more so than a 12 mo. ago.

And my family all well save & excepting my eldest son. He, alas, far away in quest of health-I fear, in vain: Yet hoping and praying he may be spared and restored-can only commit him to Gods holy care and keeping. Is for the present at St. Mary’s in Georgia. [Editorial note: William suffered from tuberculosis]


Thsd Jan. 17.

Day, mostly in office posting land Collections. Calls of Divers on business interrupting: Jno Munson; Jonah Todd: and - Eve - Co of A. Paine - about his land debts:-

My health so so - hardly so well - yet able to keep to business and desire to be thankful.

Weather - very mild & warm - to day: since the thaw, another sort of weather, - a softer and milder air.


Saturday Jan. 26.

In office at land Accts - all day: but few callers in. My health so so: not hardly as well as usual. Urinary Obstruction Rather increasing upon me.

Weather: a Powerful Rain set in, perhaps about Midnight, last night & continued till near night to day. Has been a very Rainy day - a great Rain but Rather a cold Rain: a Southerly storm, but just at eve, a whirl Round & a thick, dark, cold fog & anon [straightaway], Squalls of Snow atop of floods of water a whistling N. Wester.

Sunday Jan. 27.

Overtaken with a poor turn & had a Restless night up & down with aches and distress - obstruction &c.
To day kept house & fasted - tasted nothing - not so much as a drop of water, till about 9 this eve, - when took a cup of tea & a small bit of toast.

Read part the Day in last Yr Tract Report - p.m. wrote to Wm and Saml & Eve to Stephen.
Weather - a very Tempest of Snow Squalls & driving snow - and scarce a mortal out: a.m. No meeting and believe none, afternoon.

Monday Jan 28.

In office, mostly Accts Land Colns: part - writing Samuel a further 2 letter: Recvd - after mine to Wm Saml & Stephen - gone - a letter from Saml - and Do from Stephen.

Hindd by calls of many: awhile with the mails.
My health tollerable.

Weather: still another Snow - squally, snow driving day & cold, very: at sunrise, 8 below 0! - and all day, tempestuous.


Sunday Feb. 3.

Into meeting a.m. & p.m. Mr. W. preached: P.M. Discourse, in Course Text: “The heavens declare thy glory &c.” Evidences of the being, power, wisdom & goodness of God derivable from his works.

My hlth but poorish yet not sick & thankful as trust, that am so comfortable as am. After meeting, onto my bed, awhile and, evening, felt better.

Weather: cold - not tediously so - morn, clear, but hazed over - & snow - showers - Eve, clear again and pleasant winter Eve. not into of. this Evening: now 10 oCl. and Retire.


Friday 22d Feb.

107 years - to day - since the birth of Washington!

Forenoon - in office at accounts: p.m. - Rode to West Meredith and attended the Funeral of Elder Simeon P. Griswold - 55 years of age - who died of a sudden - with Pleuracy: - sick, as said - but 6 days!
A great funeral - the meeting house full of people. Sermon by Mr. Hartshorne - from Paul’s triumphant exultation, in view of his approaching Death:- “ I have fought a good fight,”- &c: a solemn affecting & truly impressive discourse. May God bless it & the solemn providence to me - & the many assembled on the solemn occasion.

Retd - and Resumed the business in my office - where wrote - till hard on to midnight: My health so so.
Weather - a warm - pleasant - thawy day - and just as eve - set in to Rain.
 


Saturday Mar. 16.

Self - morn - called up to wait on Co. J. Tabor in - after - in Office - all day: divers in & out. Lewis Olmsted with curious message from Jared: but less Co - than most days - and bent down, mostly - all day & till well on to 11 o’Clock - poring over land Accounts: - much exhausted - and must Retire:

Word, to night, that Street Dutton’s Wife - died this morn. My health so so:
Jona sick & taking Physic: - not confined, wholly.

Weather - cloudy S. Wind - thawing slowly: Eve, shower of soft snow.


Frid. Mar. 29.

All Day in Of: at land Acts & till ½ past 10 at night: less Co in than usual: Very much exhausted-
In much pain & suffering - with my feet, legs & ancles - know not what to make of the ail!

Weather - Very warm -, cloudy & damp & wetting some. - Eve- quite a shower: Snow - in the open - except drifts - mostly off.

Contract with Treadwell completed - by Mrs. Treadwell putting her name - to her Part of it!!!


Sunday Ap. 21.

A.M. - To meeting: Mr. Wright preached: Text: “ Pray without ceasing.” - p.m. - not in.:- last eve took pills, family pills and suspect so much [?], as to induce stupor, a degree of - as oppressed with drowsiness very much - & slept - and - finally, - never operated- till this evening, - since which feel better: - and have written a letter to Wm and Samuel.

Weather - to day, very clear & pleasant, - but pretty cold & last night, froze hard


Wednesday Ap. 24.

This morn - up & out & sold some plank - got letters mailed & off to Wm & Saml - and to C. Dimon: Mail in - & brot long letter from our sick son, William - anxious and much distressed with his, account of his situation! O God, have mercy upon him: and have mercy us! O grant him & us holy submission to whatever thy Dispensations may allot!

My health, Rather more comfortable to day:

Weather, very warm and at Evening a copious thundershower & sharp lightning & heavy thunder!


Sat. May 4.

In my off [office] - from morn - till past midnight - posting and stating land accounts; tired and much exhausted - Calls in of some business Co - Carlisle Olmstead carried by - sick - in a bed made up - in a 1 horse Waggon - moving him - to his Father’s!

My health about par:

Weather - last night, a little snow- off today - but a cold day: Eve - little warmer & calm & cleared off - pleasant.


Saturday May 25.

In my office, at Writing &c: Some business Co - Jac [Jacob] Andre &c - Writing J. C. F. -

By evening, much exhausted & distressed with aching feet & ankles: sense of weakness & a burning sensation - in my lower limbs.  And this ailing, in my feet, ankles &c - whatever it be, - has, long-while, been increasing upon me; and feet and ankles, - especially the Right limb swells, sensibly; - and both, tho easier, mornings, becoming, oft, painful, afore night, to such a degree even, - that am in hard pain, - with sitting long & writing & get ease - only by going onto my bed. What the ail is, - its cause - or way to cure, if cure may be, - know not.

Weather: another day, like unto Yesterday; enchantingly beautiful: lush of vegetation! Latter part last night, a fine shower - with thunder & lightning & to day, cleared away very warm & soft, zephyr breathing perfumes thro luxuriant expansive bloom.


Friday May 31.

This day - mostly delving & in close application to Meredith & Clymer’s land accounts - trying to bring together a condensed & Correct Exhibit of their exact & true state to the present period: a herculean job - at which have labored long & hard!

Divers dodging in & out and hindering - wrote few lines to Wm - also - line to Penfield, Day & Co

Recvd line from Stephen & Jona - one-from William L. Law - who Remains, alas, very feeble. O God - have mercy upon him: O Restore him, if may be: above all, prepare him, or to live - or to die. Mercifully incline him to Repent & believe, and grant, that he may seek & find peace safely, and salvation in the above merits & mediation of Christ Jesus.


Friday June 7.

Mostly in Office: - spell- Dfling[?] Power for Sanderson -

Recvd advice from my son, Wm that concluded to stay at the south - over the season: So, among strangers, in a strange land, - sick & fear - sinking, - is to be left alone! And tho expecting would so conclude, as deeming it duty & therefore best; yet come to the case in hand & to know it must be so, found myself much overcome and agitated. O for heartfelt submission. To thee, O God, I commend and commit him. O sustain and comfort & if consistent Restore him.

Weather - today - cleared off and warm and a beautiful day.
My health so so - but poorish.
 


Mon: June 24.

Day mostly in office, - but all but sick - so unwell - that able to do but little - feeble & feverish & some pain - and - not able to set up all day - : - yet attended to some business callers &c - : and tried to write and post - a little - next to no appetite: This Eve - feel a little better.

Weather, loury - drisly, and a Dark dense - cloudy day - just at eve a shower:
Wet, wet: for a long while wet - so wet that not a chance - to Shear Sheep - and - only began - today - Morn - housed some & have sheared 71 - and tonight - housed them - on account of the Rain: and - now -11 oCl. - Rains smartly. This morn, am told - a Rainbow in the morning!


Saturday July 13.

Forenoon over to map. Orchd to inspect & direct hands & see to Pot. field & Crops, turnip Yard &c. P.M.: With Albion, to John Shavers about a lot of sheep for Albion. Returned and found Franklin Allen - wounded! Ancle hurt by horse - stepping on it!

Eve - down to the Doctor about Fkn [Franklin] -

Weather, to day, pleasant a bare sprinkle of Rain - and a Rainbow - in the morning! And yet - no more Rain, the day.

My health so so: feeblish, yet comfortable - but fatigued and almost beat out.
Now 10 oClock: must go & see to the poor, hurt lad: and then, - to bed.


Thursday July 18.

Into office & to M. & C.’s Land Papers - at which, writing all could - nor quit - till ½ past 10 at night.

But broke off & hind much by Co - some: and by Chh. meeting - p.m. - on the Cottrell discipline Cases - most perplexing & disturbing duties! and - to day - arrived - my Son, Samuel, - from Georgia - where has been, since last fall, - with William, - who is left there, - still ailing & very feeble. O God, preserve; & bless &, if may be, Restore him.

Today, a beautiful, warm day - and no Rain.

My health so so: about and very busy & tired & severely tired with the perplexing concerns of our church and Society. Now ¼ to 11 p.m.


Wednesday Aug. 14.

Morn - wrote Mr. Meylert - care divers business - Mails in -

Recvd letter from Wm - not so well - O God, in mercy, preserve; and, - if consistent with thy holy will, Restore him. Above all, mercifully dispose him to prepare for whatever thy dispensations: to Repent & believe, on the Lord, Jesus Christ, and to find mercy, peace & salvation, in believing; and, of thy grace & mercy, enable him, - and us - to say, thy will be done.

Spent part of this day & evening, till into 15 minutes of midnight, at business and writing - Land accounts &c.

My health about so so. The day - Rather cloudy, tho some sun: Wind N. Easterly, and storm feared.


Wednesday Aug. 21.

Day, perhaps half - about my haying & calling cares: Rest, at Land accounts, - at which, up, - writing, - till 11 o’Clock.

Recvd a letter from William: discouraging, as seems to me: indeed, strongly fear he may soon be dead & gone! O God, have mercy upon him. Mercifully inline[?] him by thy Holy Spirit, to Repent of all his sins & to believe in the Lord, Jesus Christ, to the salvation of his soul. O God, Father, Son & Holy Spirit, have mercy on him: spare & Restore him, if may be: If not, O grant that he may be prepared to go hence; O grant him peace in believing and holy acquiescence in whatever thy dispensations. O pardon, sanctify & save him thro Christ & for his sake: and to the be all the praise & glory - ever & forever. And, O mercifully prepare me, for whatever thy dealings may be. Grant me saving faith. Lord, I believe: help thou my [illegible] . O God, be merciful to me, a sinner. Thro Christ & for his sake, pardon, sanctify & save me and mine :& be all the glory thine.
 


Sun: Sep. 15.

In - to Reading meeting - Self - Mrs. Law - Samuel - Albion & Stephen: Saml Read, - a.m. & p.m.  More than usually - full meeting - for Reading meeting, - and all p[?]ous & solemn.

Weather milder & fresh S. Wind - increasing & betokening [foreshow by present signs] Rain.

My health rather more comfortable than days along back.

But, whilst, at present, cheered with the presence & company of 3 of my sons, - how is that cheer checked & blended with gloom, - in that my 4th son, William, - is not here, but, if alive, far away & sick! O God, have mercy on him! have mercy on us all!


Thrsda - Oct. 10 1839

Today, in a sense, a sick day: some pain & feverish, as Yester: Took an emetic; and awhile, under the Distress of the operation of that: after it, feel, as think, some more comfortable. been able, to day, to do no business, to speak of; and, even this evening, pain in my back &c, - not left me.

Weather, still very warm; but a very dark day: Densely cloudy & think foggy, - and - wetting - just wetting, all day, - like moist, thick clouds sweeping & sweeping & pressing on & over the ground. At 5 p.m. dark, as dusk of Eve.


Tuesday Oct. 29.

Rested, past night, Rather better - but my fever, alas, holds fast. And but a poorish day, to day.  Taking Colchicum - and boneset tea: nauseated & feverish.


Wednesday Oct. 30.

A poorer night & this morn more poorly, seemingly; - and fever, some of - but - impd, a little - after up, - awhile: And, forenoon, wrote - to Mr. Sanderson. By E. mail a further letter from St. Mary’s of 17th when, -

William - alive - but, alas! - no better! If yet living, - O that he might be spared: but - above all, prepared, pardoned sanctified & saved, thro Christ our Lord


Friday Nov. 8.

Felt more comfortable, as to my hlth again, to day and about the house & sat up - all but all - Day; and much of it writing - Wrote & got off letters - to Doctor Judson - to Saml & to Stephen.

Morning Mail brot us 3 letters from Dr. J. - of 20 - 29 - & 30 ult. with word, that, our Dear eldest Son, William, - but barely alive! Sorrowful tidings tho but what we had Reason to expect! But adds to us, that he was calm & Resigned to his maker’s will! and that - joyful tiding, amid our sorrow; a solace to us, for which we thank & bless God. For, if he depart, or may have departed, in peace, peace with God, as we humbly pray & hope & trust, our joy, amid our sorrows, our solace, will be full. O God, that it may have been - or be - so! If yet he live, O God, grant it may be so, thro Christ and all the thanksgiving, praise & Glory be thine forever & forevermore: Amen.


Wednesday Nov. 13.

This forenoons Mail arrived and bro’t the solem, tho not unexpected, - tidings, that my eldest Son, William Lyon Law - is no more! Recvd advice Certifying us, that he died, at St. Mary’s, Ga - the 31 ult: and, as we are mercifully assured, died a placid, peaceful death - conscious to the last & calmly Resigned to his Maker’s will; and as we humbly hope & are happy to believe, trusting in his Almighty Savior! Sorrowful & deeply afflicted with loss of a darling Son, we, nevertheless rejoice, that such, to human view, was his departure from this world of sin & sorrow. We thank thee, Heavenly Father, that thou grantest us such solace of our sorrow: And O, sanctify our bereavement - to me - to us all, - to our spiritual & everlasting good: and enable us on & all, father, mother and brothers, to feel & say, - The Lord gave & has taken away, and blessed be his holy name.

After the affecting news Received, passed the day, pretty much, with my Wife & Albion, the only of our family at home! Wrote & forwarded mail, to Samuel & to Stephen, the solemn tidings!


Sunday Dec. 8.

To meeting - very warm - no fire - cloudy & sprinkled al little: towd eve Rain & a Rainy night.

Up very late - writing Dr. Judson - Revd Mr. Baird, Mr. Williams & Mrs. Chapelle - all of St. Mary’s -

My hlth so so - but poorish, yet, of favor, comfortable - even more so than might well expect, - considering am so pressed & so and so continually writing &c - almost day & night - writing, night after night, very late.
 


Sunday Dec. 22.

A very chilly, uncomfortable day: Wind fresh at South and stiffening & overcast, as if for storm: A.M. only a handful in Meeting. P.M. no meeting: all over to the Baptist. Did not, self, go: Writing Dr. Judson.

Mrs. Law sick and fever: yet sat up all day; tho think, ill able.

And, this evening, writing Dr. Judson, till hard to midnight.


Tuesday Dec. 31, 1839!

Drew & engrossed Deed of School-house Site - on the Square: And, Eve, into School Meeting.

My health midling, for me: Mrs. Law, feeble, but better today & a little about: Albion so so.

Weather moderated & storm over - been, since Saturday, till last night, a tempest of wind & snow & snow drifting & drifting: - and Roads, now, almost blocked up - no mail - since last Friday.

And, - the year 1839! - where is it? “With the Years beyond the flood.” The trials, O the trials it has been fraught with. In it, William, my son! My son has exchanged worlds: left this sublunary scene & gone, I humbly trust, to a better & thrice blessed world; to a home & a house - not made with hands, - eternal in the heavens! O God of mercy grant, that the trials I have, the past &, now closing year, been carried thro, may thro thy mercy in Christ Jesus, & by aids of thy Holy Spirit, be sanctified to me, for my spiritual & eternal well being - O Triune God, Father, Son & Spirit: for Christ’s sake, hear & grant my prayer & by the glory thine. And, O bless & have mercy on my Family that survive, my Wife & my three spared Sons.

The Year is just drawing to a close! And this is the last shall date 1839! Farewell, lapsed Year: Thy joys & sorrows are gone by. O may they live, in memory, to quicken me, in preparing for another and better state of being; for happiness & heaven, thro Christ Jesus in whom alone, I desire to trust.


From a private collection. Transcribed by Dr. Frank M. Waterman

All materials on this website are for non-profit, educational use. 

College at Oneonta | Milne Library | Voice of the People Home page | Contact Us  | Printing