xa.the total mass at the end of the reaction was 70 g
b.the total mass at the end of the reaction was less than 70g due to gas forming
c.the total mass at the end of the reaction was greater than 70g because of the additional gas
d.none of the above

2.A person was choosing a form of vitamin X. There were two brands of the vitamin. Brand A claimed that it came from natural, herbal sources. Brand B made no claims but it was clear that the vitamin was made in a factory. Vitamin X is a molecule of known chemical composition.

a.The customer should choose on the basis of which one is more natural since known compounds differ in composition depending on source.
b.The customer should always choose the natural product since natural products are always better than manufactured products.
c.Compounds from natural sources have different composition from those made in a factory.
xd.Composition of a given compound is always the same and independent of source.

3.Given the atomic mass of Ca = 40amu, of S=32amu and of O=16amu, the mass of CaSO4 is

xa.136 amu
b.88 amu
c.86 amu
d.none above

4.From the list below choose the element(s).

a.NO
b.CO
c.Co
d.P4
xe.c &;d

5.From the list below choose the matter form(s) most likely to be (a)compound(s) .

a.gasoline
b.NaCl
c.Mg
d.KBr
xe. b &;d

6.The electron configuration 1s22s22p2 is the electron configuration for

xa.C
b.Mg
c.Ca
d. O

7.The electron configuration 1s22s22p43s1

xa.is an excited state for F
b. is the configuration for Na
c. will eventually become 1s22s22p6 with the release of energy.
d. a &;c above

8.There are ____ neutrons, ____protons and _____electrons in Si.

xa. 14, 14, 14
b. 28,14,14
c. 14, 28, 14
d. 28,28,28

9.In experiment 1, Observation, most students observed that a new brown colored product resulted from the addition of Al to copper sulfate and sodium chloride in water solution. Choose the true statement(s).

a.The Al must have rearranged to form a new substance but Al atoms were not lost.
b.A new substance formed that had to be composed of one or more of the elements that were present at the beginning of the reaction.
c.The heat indicated that the reactants had potential energy that was released when the reaction took place.
xd. all above
e. b &;c only

10.Conversion of 2.5 meters to millimeters (mm) would require the following algebraic set-up. 1000 mm=1M

xa. 2.5 M x 1000mm
1 M

b. 2.5 x 1000
1

c. 2.5 M x 1000M
1mm

d. 2.5M x 1mm
100M

11.The following data were recorded by a student doing experiment 2.
Mass of object = 55 g
volume of water in graduated cylinder 75 mL
volume of water with the immersed object 86 mL
Density of the object would be:

a.0.2 mL/g
b.0.85g/mL
c. 0.72g/mL
d. 0.2g/mL
xe. None above
12.Element 87 is in the sector of the periodic table known as

a. inner transition metals
xb. alkali metals
c. alkaline earth metals
d. noble gases

13.Generally speaking, we can say that _______ are on the left side of the periodic chart.

xa. metals
b. nonmetals
c. noble gases
d. b &;c

14.Your text calls the Shroud of Turin a fraud based on C-14 results. Newer data from Dr Alan Adler at W. CT St. University (Danbury CT) challenges the C-14 data based on sampling problems.

xa. This shows the tentative nature of scientific data
b. This shows the dogmatic nature of scientific data
c. This shows the final nature of scientific data
d. a &;b above

15.Theories belong to the

a. dogmatic nature of science
b. authoritarian nature of science
xc.explanatory nature of science
d. none above

16. The following reaction takes place with the following exact mass relations:

S + O = SO
3.2 g 1.6 g 4.8 g

If one adds 1.6 g of O to get an initial starting amount of 3.2g of O, then

a. 9.6 g of SO will result
b. 4.8 g of SO will result
xc. 4.8 g of SO will result with 1.6 g O left over.

17.Energy of motion is called

a. formal energy
b. potential energy
xc. kinetic energy
d. cultic energy

18.The state of matter that has the most space between molecules is

xa. gas
b. liquid
c. solid
d. none above

19. In a given group or family

a.the valence electrons have similar electron configurations regarding s &;p orbitals
b. the elements react in a similar way
c.valence electrons have dissimilar configurations regarding s &;p orbitals.
xd. a &;b above

20.When electrons fill orbitals, they will tend to go into the

xa. lowest energy orbital in which space is available
b. highest energy orbital in which space is available
c. any orbital in which space is available
d. excited state

21. In a period on the periodic table, the elements

a. have similar chemical properties
b. have similar valence electron configurations
xc. increase in atomic number from left to right
d. a &;b above

22. The particle(s) in the nucleus of an atom is(are)

a. electron &;proton
xb. proton &;neutron
c. neutron &;electron
d. alpha &;beta

23. An atom is

a. the smallest particle of an element
b. very much like a solid ball
c. a particle with a very small massive nucleus
xd. a &;c above

24.The life for an isotope is 30 sec. If one has 1000 g of this isotope right now, in 1 minute (60 sec) there would only be _____g left undecayed.

a. 2000g
b. 1000g
c. 500g
xd. 250 g
e. 125g

25.Conversion of N-14 to C-14 is accomplished by bombardment of N-14 by a neutron. This C-14 eventually
a. decays
b. ends up in living things
c. is used to determine the age of objects
xd. a,b,c

26. Isotopes of a given element

a. have identical atomic numbers
b. have identical atomic masses
c. have identical numbers of electrons
xd. a &;c above

27.Alpha radiation

a. consists of an electron emitted from the nucleus
xb. consists of a He nucleus emitted from a nucleus
c. consists of a high energy photon emitted from a nucleus
d. consists of a proton emitted from a nucleus

28.For 9Be, the number of

a. protons is 9
b. neutrons is 9
c. electrons is 4
d. neutrons is 5
xe. c &;d above

29. One kiloton in nuclear bomb terminology means

a. one million tons of TNT equivalent explosive
xb. one thousand tons of TNT equivalent explosive
c. one billion tons of TNT equivalent explosive
d. one trillion tons of TNT equivalent explosive

30.The devastating effects of the Chernobyl disaster in the previous Soviet Union were reduced by

xa. dropping of substances from aircraft that sealed off the fire in a reactor
b. a stout containment building that resisted the explosion
c. water applied by the local fire company
d. declarations by local politicians that all was well.